The lower and upper
limits for carbon have heretofore been fixed with the intention
that the mills furnish rails with a composition as near between the
two limits as possible. The mills, however, in order to meet the
prescribed drop tests with the least difficulty, keep both the
carbon and manganese as nearly as possible to the lower limits,
with the corresponding result that a generally poor-wearing rail is
furnished.
"Some roads have prescribed the limits of deflection to be allowed
under the drop test. With our present knowledge, we believe that we
should fix a minimum deflection to eliminate brittle rails and to
secure greater uniformity of product; also maximum deflection to
eliminate soft rails. We are not able at the present time to fix
these limits, but our ultimate object will be to determine and fix
such limits for the specifications.
"With reference to the amount of discard, time of holding in ladle,
size of nozzles, and other such details of manufacture or
machinery, we are of the opinion that the physical and chemical
tests required should be prescribed, and that we should see that
the material submitted for acceptance meets the prescribed tests.
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