]
[Footnote 47: Formula of consent.]
[Footnote 48: One _verchok_ = 3 inches.]
[Footnote 49: Grandson of Peter the Great, succeeded his aunt, Elizabeth
Petrofna, in 1762; murdered by Alexis Orloff in prison at Ropsha.]
[Footnote 50: Torture of the "_batogs_," little rods, the thickness of a
finger, with which a criminal is struck on the bare back.]
[Footnote 51: Edict or ukase of Catherine II.]
[Footnote 52: Pugatch means bugbear.]
[Footnote 53: Sarafan, dress robe. It is a Russian custom to bury the
dead in their best clothes.]
[Footnote 54: Girdles worn by Russian peasants.]
[Footnote 55: Peter III.]
[Footnote 56: Little flat and glazed press where the Icons or Holy
Pictures are shut up, and which thus constitutes a domestic altar or
home shrine.]
[Footnote 57: _Ataman_, military Cossack chief.]
[Footnote 58: 1 petak = 5 kopek copper bit.]
[Footnote 59: First of the false Dmitri.]
[Footnote 60: Allusion to the old formulas of petitions addressed to the
Tzar, "I touch the earth with my forehead and I present my petition to
your 'lucid eyes.'"]
[Footnote 61: At that time the nostrils of convicts were cut off. This
This barbarous custom has been abolished by the Tzar Alexander.
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